European white elm (Ulmus laevis)
| Occurrence in Děčín |
until
the 1970s (the emergence of graphioses), elm trees formed one of the main woods
of the parks, especially Mariánské louky. It was then necessary to cut down a
large number of infected trees, especially in the vicinity of the former mill
race. Only a few "Mohicans" remain from the original trees, but they
are still alive: in the recent past, two elms fell on an island at the former
water pumping station in Obloukova Street. Yet we will find nice specimens: eg
in the North Castle Park (U Tyrše) and in Mariánské louka, in the Kvádrberk Arboretum.
The tree you stand at has a trunk circumference of 265cm and a height of 15m. |
| Application | in orcharding it is versatile, in parks it is planted as a solitaire or in smaller groups. Before the onset of graphiosis, for its longevity, it was planted as a skeletal tree of chateau and city parks, along with oaks, beeches and lime trees. |
| Habitat |
Naturally
occurs mainly in floodplain forests. It is not demanding at the habitat, it likes
wet soils, but it also tolerates drought and shading. It is saline-resistant
but requires nutrient-rich soil. Since the 1970s, elms have been suffering from
graphiosis that has completely decimated their states. |
| Location | Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe, south of France to Asia Minor and Caucasus. |
| Wood |
It is
of high quality, used in construction, wheeling and bending furniture
production. It is one of the finest woods for making bows. |
| Fruits |
achenes
sitting in the middle of a spherical to elliptical wing with a V-shaped notch. |
| Blossom | blooms in March to April, flowers inconspicuous, pink in long stalked, overhanging bunches. |
| Leaves |
elliptic
to obovate, broadest in the center, 6-12cm long, twice serrate at the edges,
abruptly pointed, sharply twice serrate, bases strongly asymmetric, supra dull
green, smooth, at the bottom densely velvety, gray hairy, petiole 4-6mm long.
Autumn color depending on yellow to red lighting. |
| Branches |
young shoots are densely pubescent, licking in the second
year. |
| Rind | The bark remains smooth, brown, and matt shiny for a long time, it is cracked and ribbed in the old age. |
| Treetop |
Up to
35m tall tree with wide spread, irregular crown. The trunk has distinctive
tropical giants at its base. The trunk, which usually narrows upwards, can grow
to an average of 3m. |
| Note |
The largest representative of the elm genus (Rough
Elm) in the Czech Republic is the tree in Bukovec (Frýdek-Místek District) - it
has a trunk perimeter of 705cm; the second is the elm in Dušejov in the Jihlava
region (530cm); the largest elm in the Děčín district is a specimen at Brložka
(432cm). In the world, the largest specimens of the species are from Germany -
Güllitz (band 974cm) and Poland - Komorów (band 740cm). |
